Can Dogs Give and Take Coronavirus Covid 19 To and From You?

This is a pertinent question that many dog owners are having at this stage when the world is loosing before Coronavirus. Social media channels - especially Facebook and Twitter have been noticed to be over flooded with misconceptions.

Fact be revealed here.

A German shepherd dog from the Pok Fu Lam area in Hong Kong have been detected positive with Covid 19 and quarantined on Thursday, March 19, 2020 followed by the owner being infected. This news has been confirmed by the Agriculture, Fisheries and Conservation Department (AFCD) in a statement. However, the GSD wasn't quarantined alone. His pack mate - a mixed-breed dog has also been quarantined along with, although the mixed-breed wasn't diagnosed with corona. According to AFCD neither of the canines did show the obvious symptoms of Covid 19.

Even before this, there was another news of a 17 years old Pomeranian (owned by a 60 years old lady) that expired on Monday, March 16, soon after the dog was released, being cured on Sunday, March 8, 2020. This geriatric canine was tested by AFCD on Feb 26, 2020 and was detected positive with Covid 19 (though mild). AFCD quarantined the pom for 14 days. Subsequent blood tests done by AFCD revealed that the pom's immune system was not responding well enough, when the department said: “The negative result indicates that there is not a strong immune response and that there are not measurable amounts of antibodies in the blood at this stage.”

The news of the Pomeranian's sad demise after getting release from the quarantine turned the world dog lovers community speechless, although many animals welfare organizations concluded that the death of the dog was due to the severe stress when quarantined.

So, one thing is very evident - Dogs can get Covid 19. Now the question is if dogs can spread corona virus - Covid 19.

A new veterinary test system for Covid 19 has been set up, where canine and feline specimens have been scientifically evaluated. According to the experts Covid 19 virus gets transmitted from humans to humans via oral and nasal pathway. The World Organization of Animal Health (France) and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (America) have both said that there is no evidence that companion pets can spread this virus. However, this doesn't give a confirmation that pets cannot spread Covid 19.

It is important to understand that the planet is still in the learning stage with Corona (Covid 19) virus, and nothing can be guaranteed at this point of time. Researchers are uncertain and reports data are confusing.

Meanwhile, something noticeably more interesting happened! According to scientists, the Covid 19 that had originated in Wuhan has undergone mutation. This means the original coronavirus that originated in Wuhan has altered its characteristics and now has new abilities. In this related context CSIRO's professor Trevor Drew said, "This virus belongs to a group of viruses that exist not as a single virus but as a cloud of subtly different ones and if it finds a new niche to occupy, it will do that and slowly get better at replicating in the new host or alternatively it might die out."

Therefore, today's finding that dogs and cats can be carrier of corona covid 19 virus, but may not be source of transmission to humans, may prove to be false in the coming days because of the changing nature of the virus due to mutation.

Kai Kupferschmidt - the contributing correspondent for Science Magazine in his post - Mutations can reveal how the coronavirus moves, published in ScienceMag has given a bit of understanding of this. Kari stated, "although China accounts for 80% of all COVID-19 cases, only one-third of the published genomes are from China — and very few of them are from later cases. And because it’s early in the outbreak, most genomes are still very similar, which makes it hard to draw conclusions."

In the same line, associate Professor at the Biozentrum, University of Basel stated: "We just have this handful of mutations, which makes these groupings so ambiguous... As the outbreak unfolds, we expect to see more and more diversity and more clearly distinct lineages... and then it will become easier and easier to actually put things together."

Hence the reality is, no doctors are in a position to guarantee that pets cannot spread Covid 19, although so far there is no official evidence. However, there's definitely a clear evidence that pets can get Covid 19.

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Head Pressing in Your Dog Can Indicate Potentially Dangerous Medical Condition

I am pretty much sure that most dog owners who are reading this post are not aware that a slight change in their dog’s behavior for no noticeable cause may give an indication of a serious health condition. This chapter may turn out to be really helpful for many dog owners like you. My friend Roby called me up this weekend and informed me of his dog – Jed’s weird behavior, which he started noticing since the previous evening. Jed suddenly started to press his head against the wall and cupboards. I suggested him to rush to the vet without delay! I could well assume what had happened.

 

"Head Pressing" is an unusual behavior in dogs characterized by compulsive tendency of pressing its head against a hard surface for an extended time span.

In common medical term this problem is usually called “Head Pressing”, which indicates a serious impending danger, as this disorder is usually characterized by malfunctioning of the nervous system that attracts immediate medical attention. However there may be more causes associated with head pressing in dogs; One of the commonly known causes is Hepatic encephalopathy (also called Portosystemic Encephalopathy), which is brought on by conditions affecting the dog’s liver. Researchers have been studying the main cause of head pressing in dogs, and concluded that malfunctioning of liver often encourages toxins and ammonia to accumulate, thereby triggering the neurologic syndrome – Head Pressing.

Although not too usual, but puppies with congenital portosystemic shunt (Acquired Portosystemic Shunt), which is a birth defect, may also be predisposed to head pressing. With Acquired Portosystemic Shunt the blood vessel(s) carries blood around the liver, instead of carrying blood through the liver. The liver’s purpose is to keep the blood purified by removing the toxins. When the blood isn’t carried through the liver, it starts mal-functioning. As it stops functioning properly, it allows the blood toxins to build up, which generates serious neurologic syndrome – Head Pressing.


However, this is not the only reason of Head Pressing in dogs. There are other reasons that cause Head Pressing in dogs.

Hydrocephalus - Accumulation of fluid in the brain

Brain Tumors - This typically happens for unknown reasons, but specialists assume that genetics and environment have a role. Slow growing brain tumors encroach into the normal space of the brain, and as it grows bigger it results in changes within the brain which cause neurological symptoms. Head pressing is one of them.

Cerebrovascular Accident - Brain stroke due to lack of oxygen supply into the brain because of the impaired blood flow to the brain due to blockage or rupture of an artery to the brain.

Taumatic Brain Injury (TBI) - Injuries occuring to the brain and neural or brain tissue and blood vessels in the head.

Meningitis, Encephalitis, and Meningoencephalitis - Meningitis, encephalitis, and meningoencephalitis caused by infection by bacteria, viruses, fungi, protozoa, rickettsia, or parasites can result to neurologic problems such as head pressing, walking in circle, disorientation in locomotion, frequent stumbling and false stepping and other behavioral changes.

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Normal Blood Chemistry & Hematology Values In Dogs

Blood Chemistry and Hematology Values In Dogs In Normal And Healthy State

In most cases the reference values in veterinary species are different from those in humans. However, depending on the species some values are almost same or close to each other, while some are hugely different. For example, in canines the normal reference value for amylase can be as high as 1,125 U/L, which is much higher than that in humans.

Blood is certainly one of the most important mediums in assessing a dog's state of health. This information is strictly for references and should be treated as academic purpose only. It is in no way medical advice, nor does it purport to be medical advice.

Calculation of reference values should include the mean and standard deviation (SD), and are usually the mean value ±1.96 SD to ±2.0 SD, or 95% of the population in a given environmental condition. The values may show deviation based on the food habits and other environmental condition. Climatic anomaly affects these values, and in turn, the immune competence of the dog.

Normal Blood Chemistry Values in Dogs

Glucose (GLU): 67 - 125 mg/dL
Alanine aminotransferase (ALT): 10 - 84 U/L
Alkaline Phosphatase (ALKP): 20-200
Total Bilirubin (TBILI): 0.04 - 0.40 mg/dL
Total Protein (TP): 5.2 - 7.8 gm/dL
Globulin (GLOB): 0.9 - 4.0
Urea Nitrogen (BUN): 9 - 27 mg/dL
Phosphorus (PHOS): 2.6 - 6.8 mg/dL
Creatinine (CREA): 0.4 - 1.4
Amylase (AMYL): 200 - 1290
Calcium (CA): 9.5 - 12.0
Sodium (Na): 140 - 153 mmol/L
Chloride (CI): 106 - 118 mmol/L
Lactate Dehydrogenase (LDH): 10 - 273 U/L
Magnesium: 1.5 - 2.7 mg/dL
Lipase (LIP): 200 - 700 U/L
Creatine phosphokinase (CPK): 20 - 200
Gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT): 1.2
Albumin (ALB): 2.5- 4.3
Cholesterol (CHOL): 110- 314
Triglycerides: 20 - 200
Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH): 30-190
Thyroxine (T4): 1.0 - 4.7 ug/dL


Normal Hematology Values in Dogs

Red Blood Cell Count (RBC): 5.9 - 8.5 X 100,000/L
White Blood Cell Count (WBC): 6.0 - 17 x 1000/L
Mean Corpustular Hemaglobin (MCH): 19.5 - 25.5 pg
Red Cell Distribution Width (RDW): 14 - 19 percent
Hematocrit (HCT): 37 - 55 percent
Hemoglobin (HgB or Hb) g/L: 120-180
Reticulocytes: 0-1.5%
Segs x1000/ul: 3.6-11.5
Bands x1000/ul: 0.0-0.3
Lymphocytes x1000/ul: 1.0-4.8
Monocytes x1000/ul: 0.15-1.35
Eosinophils x1000/ul: 0.01-1.25
Platelets x 100000/ul (PLT): 2-9


Please note: The blood chemistry and hematology values given above are only for dogs and is just a reference of a normal range during normal health, normal state of mind and in resting condition. Please be informed that the hematology and serum chemistry values may vary in semi-wild or stray dogs. In a study dog of different ages and different body conditions have shown difference in these values. Even these values have been noticed to be different depending on gender and reproductive stages and different social structure.


In the study differences were noticed for:

1. Erythrocyte sedimentation rate between sexes.
2. Total red blood cell count among different age groups
3. Total red blood cell count, Mean corpuscular volume and Mean corpuscular hemoglobin among different body conditions
4. Total red blood cell count, Mean corpuscular volume and Mean corpuscular hemoglobin among pregnant and non-pregnant females

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Behavioral Change & Canine Health Concern

Any change in the behaviors of your dogs give an indication of change in his mental state, which can be the cause of deterioration in his internal health condition that may not be noticed apparently always. For example if Reva doesn’t exhibit enthusiasm while meeting, she might have digestive issues for some reason. Underlying factors such as pain, anemia, gastrointestinal problems, etc. that are not apparent may drop your dog’s energy level. Any subtle changes in your dog’s behavior should be addressed seriously. In case you notice any subtle changes in the behavior, it is probably the time call your vet or proper medical diagnosis. It is, however, highly advised to treat a condition than to wait for it to become a big health concern.

Here are certain behavior factors that should be worth noticing and spared thought over:

1. Reva – who has been a great foodie, suddenly starts refusing food: Consult a vet immediately. She might have digestive or gastrointestinal problems which need to be address without delay. Heavy infestation of internal parasite may discourage you dog to eat. Fever, pain, or any other health issues can also be the causes for your dog to refuse his most favorite food.

2. If your dog was accident free indoor, and now have started having accidents even though there haven’t been any change in the lifestyle and households and the dog had free access to the potty zone, gives an indication that he/she is having internal health problem. Immediately see a vet.

3. A play-friendly dog suddenly refusing to go out for a play or a walk is an indication of health issues. It is probably the time to call a vet.

4. A properly socialized dog that has been very friendly to people suddenly starts avoiding people and hiding away, gives an indication of sickness.

5. A friendly and cool dog who starts exhibiting aggression towards his/her pack members – family gives an indication of sickness

6. A friendly and socialized dog suddenly starts staying clear of own one's touches indicates illness, even though he/she is not showing aggression.

 

Related Read on sudden behavioral change in your dog: Head Pressing

"Head Pressing" is an unusual behavior in dogs characterized by compulsive tendency of pressing its head against a hard surface for an extended time span.

7. Not drinking water as he/she used to drink or over drinking are both indications of serious illness. Adult or aged females showing too much thirst and tends to drink heavily indicate serious health issues like pyometra.

8. Have your dog suddenly started showing tendencies of licking walls and floors? See a vet

9. Do you notice any difference in his or her tail wagging movement? Even though he is still as happy as he used to be a difference in the movement of tail indicates underlying health issues.

10. Have you start noticing your dog staying aloof most often in a day? See a vet as soon as possible.

11. If a dog who used to enjoy going up and down the stairs several times in a day suddenly starts refusing it should be bought to the vet’s immediate notice, even though he/she is not having problem in normal walking activities.

12. Is chewing toys the favorite pastime for Rex. If he is loath to do that suddenly today, keep an eye on him for a day or two. If he still showing no interest in his chewing toys, it is probably the time to see your vet.

Any change in behavior in your dog – however small or minor it is, gives an indication of internal health problem, which should be addressed without delay. Behavioral changes in your dog are considered as the most important information that your vet will be seeking for. Correctly explaining your dog’s behavioral changes (minor and/or major) to the vet will help him diagnose the health issues correctly.

Keeping an eye on your dog’s behavior is what is expected from a responsible owner. It is important NOT to overlook any changes – even the most minor ones until it breaks your nerves.

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Improved Life: Obese Dogs That Lose Weight

Researchers at the University of Liverpool have discovered that the obese dogs that lose weight usually get an improved life quality. compared to the ones that do not. Even before the research had been carried out, people used to know that non-obese dogs, much like their human owners, are blessed with the better quality of life. Studies have shown that almost one-third of the dog population in the UK is overweight, which is a really big reason of concern for the dog owners. Obesity is the root to a series of health issues, including cardiac problem, diabetes and arthritis. 

The scientists carried out a research work with 50 obese dogs, including both genders and pure breeds and mixed breeds at the University of Liverpool in collaboration with the University of Glasgow, Royal Canin and the WALTHAM Center for Pet Nutrition. The owners were asked to complete a questionnaire in order to diagnose the issues related to their dogs health that influenced the life of their dog before the weight loss. In the second phase another questionnaire was asked to be completed by the owners of 30 dogs that were put in a weight loss session and successfully completed the program. The researchers could assess the change in the quality of the life of their dogs. The life quality of the dogs which lose weight in the program was compared with the ones that failed to succeed in the weight loss program.

Good news is several factors influencing the life quality were noticed to have developed. These factors included vitality (strength activeness and energy), emotional balance and pain. the result showed that the life quality, in terms of pains, mental balance and vitality, was improved for the dogs that could succeed in the weight loss program. Obesity is a risk for many dogs, affecting not only their health but also their quality of life. This research indicates that weight loss can play an important role in keeping your dog both healthy and happy, said Dr Alex German, Director of the Royal Canin Weight Management Clinic at the University. According to Dr Penelope Morris, from the WALTHAM Center for Pet Nutrition, strategies for combating obesity and keeping dogs fit and healthy include portion control, increased exercise and diets specifically formulated for overweight pets.

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An Insight Into Pet Immunization

Vaccination is the safest route to ensure that your pets remain in the pink of health. Vaccines are safeguard against diseases. From grave organ damages to turning fatal the risk is immense. Even others in the pet community are prone to risking contagious diseases. A responsible pet owner always prioritize on scheduling vets appointment for routine immunization, because it bolsters future immunity for a lifetime.

Diseases Which Require A Shot of Vaccine

Diseases if not checked and prevented can turn fatal for pets. For health safety immunization is the ideal way out. In the age of advanced medical science, killer diseases like distemper, parvovirus and feline enteritis are things of the past (with the exception of unprotected dogs who keep alive the incidence of infectious diseases).

Dogs need to be immunized for:
Parvovirus
Distemper
Leptospirosis
Bordatella
Hepatitis
Para-influenza virus
Rabies


Cats require immunization for the following diseases:

Flu
Feline Enteritis
Feline Leukaemia Virus
Chlamydia


Is Vaccination A Safe Option?

Skin tumors, allergies, and other adverse effects have been linked to the process, hence there is doubt about safety of vaccination. Moreover, whether annual vaccination is a must is also a major concern. Usually older dogs who have a suppressed immune system and who mingle less with peers do not require annual shot. But, in some cases repeat or booster vaccinations are important to boost up the immunity in a better way. Routine boosters are integral to preventive veterinary medicine because the pets can undergo an annual checkup. It is all up to the age and health condition, on which the immunization schedule is decided. It is also dependent on breed, medical history, lifestyle, immediate environment and traveling habit of the animals. Small puppies get their quota of immunity from mothers milk. But with age, this immunity wears down and vaccination becomes a necessity. Vaccine schedule begins when the puppy is six to eight weeks old.

There are some side effects which bother pets, post-vaccination. All these symptoms occur within six hours of vaccination. Here\s a list of the adverse reactions that might occur, and which need medical attention:

Low fever
Allergic Outbreak
Muscle Pain
Low Energy
Sluggishness
Appetite Loss
Facial Swelling
Lameness
Vomiting
Diarrhea
Breathing Difficulty
Seizures
Swelling, redness and hair loss (at the site of injection)
Miscarriage in Pregnant Dog
Suppressed Immune System


The Way A Vaccine Works

Vaccines are classified as core and non-core vaccines. The former one is vital, while the latter depends on the exposure risk of diseases. Vaccine shots create antibodies by injecting weakened or dead bacteria into the immune system of the pet. These antibodies become warriors fighting and blocking the diseases. Modified live vaccines or MLV stimulate immune response by injecting weakened strain of disease. MLVs require less number of shots, though the effect is stronger compared to killed vaccines which require frequent administration.

The Need Of Titer Test

Antibody titer test is required for measuring the level of antibodies in the bloodstream and a pets ability for natural protection against diseases. These blood tests are helpful, but cannot replace vaccination program completely. Higher titer level does not necessarily mean that the pet has 100% natural immunity; but, when the level is low it is surely a sign that the pet lacks in inherent protection capacity.

In a nutshell, vaccines are altered microorganisms which lessens or prevents risk of diseases. Thus, it is always safe to protect your beloved pet from life-threatening diseases with vaccines.

Related Read: Read out posts from Responsible Dog Ownership and Dog Care Tips
 

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Does Your Dog Need Vitamins?

Often times my friend and their acquaintances who get introduced to me ask this question: "Does my dog need vitamins?"

Most of the times it becomes really difficult  for me to answer such questions. As a matter of fact, dogs that are on balanced diet should not be needing additional supplements of minerals and vitamins. So if your dog is on balanced diet he is most likely to be getting all necessary vitamins and minerals from his food.

Does your dog get complete and balanced diet?  

Well, most of the dog owners who have been asked this question, have said that they tend to keep their pooches only on premium dog foods. It confuses me the most when they talk about premium and super premium dog food.  It is really not easy to find a properly balanced and complete food for your dog. However, dogs fed only on home made diet are more prone to suffer a lack of vitamins and minerals. Even though your dog is getting a correctly complete diet, it is important to check if his system can actually absorb the nutrition from the food. Dog with hepatic and/or pancreatic problems may not be able to absorb the full nutritional value of the food he eats. In such conditions the dog may require additional supplements of vitamins, alongside digestive and pancreatic enzyme supplements.

Do not give your dog just any multi-vitamins and multi-mineral supplements because he is thin.

So how do you know if your dog needs a vitamin or could benefit from a particular vitamin supplement?

General Rule of Thumb:  You should not give your dog any single vitamin or any multi-vitamins and multi-mineral supplement because you think your dog is thin and he needs vitamins. Only a registered veterinarian can correctly recommend you any specific nutriceutical and/or dietary supplements or any single vitamin based on the diagnosis. Your veterinarian may require you to get some biochemical analysis and serum concentrations done too before he/she would like to prescribe a specific vitamin supplement and the dosage.

Hypovitaminosis in Dogs 

Deficiency of different vitamins can pose different symptoms. Hypovitaminosis are more common in dogs that are kept on single type of home made food. Home made food is good - probably better than those commercial foods available out there, as long as it contains all ingredients to make the diet complete and balanced.

Certain conditions like Exocrine Pancreatic Insufficiency (EPI), in which the pancreas fails to produce insulin (which regulates the body's blood sugar levels) and digestive enzymes (which helps to digest the food and gets the nutritional value of the food)  may leave your dog exposed to the risk of hypovitaminosis. Dogs with EPI cannot digest the food and derive the food's nutritional values. This enhances the chance of deficiency of vitamins, minerals, fats and protein. EPI dogs also suffer from hypoglycemia (low blood sugar).

Deficiency of Vitamin D

A study published in Veterinary and Comparative Oncology examined the range of sufficiency of vitamin D in dogs. The study proved a link between low vitamin D levels and chances of cancer in dogs. Vitamin D deficiency in dogs reduces the ability to absorb calcium from the diet, thereby leaves your dog exposed to the risk of lack of calcium.

Most common signs of vitamin D deficiency in dogs are:

Poor mineralization of bone and lameness
Rickets
Lethargy
Loss of muscle mass
Locomotion turns slower or inability to move in sever cases
Swellings at the growth plates on the bones


Deficiency of Vitamin B12

B12 vitamin is an one of the most essential vitamins for dogs. Vitamin B12, in conjugation with iron and folic acid, helps the dog's nervous system functions well. B12 vitamin is also important for normal cell growth. When your dog is deficient in vitamin B12, he may become inactive, slow-moving, depressed, lacking energy and alertness, lethargic.

Most common signs of vitamin B12 deficiency in dogs are:

Gastrointestinal malfunction
Nervous system malfunction
Lethargy and fatigueness
Loss of appetite
Unsteady gait and disorientation
Weakness on muscle
Dizziness
Weight loss
Spasticity
Dementia

 Hypervitaminosis in dogs

Overdosing of vitamins and minerals can hurt your dog. The most common ingredients in a multivitamin includes: Ascorbic acid (vitamin C), cyanocobalamin (vitamin B12), folic acid, thiamine (vitamin B1), riboflavin (vitamin B2), niacin (vitamin B3), biotin, pantothenic acid, pyridoxine (vitamin B6), calcium, phosphorus, iodine, iron, magnesium, copper, zinc, potassium and vitamins A, D, and E. Among these excess of calcium, iron and Vitamin D are commonly found.

Among these ingredients, toxicosis is commonly seen for iron and vitamin D in dogs.

Vitamin-induced toxicosis in dogs is common in dogs that are given too much of any specific vitamins or multi-vitamins. Vitamins in excess is as dangerous as the conditions when your dog suffers a deficiency of vitamins. Although toxicity is not too common in dogs, but excess of any specific vitamin(s) and/or mineral(s) can bring in harm to your dogs.

Chances of Toxicity of Vitamins in dogs

An overload of vitamins and/or minerals can have a bad impact on his/her health. Excess of different vitamins poses different problems. Primary vitamins are required by a dog are vitamins B complex, A, C, D, E and K. While the vitamins C and B complex, among these are water soluble, the rest are fat soluble vitamins. Among all the fat soluble vitamins, only A and D shows potential toxicity in dogs, if administered in excess.

The water soluble vitamins - B-complex and C are comparatively safe. The tissues of a dog's body cannot store these vitamins, when administered in excess. Vitamins B-complex and C are eliminated through the urine.

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Why is Dog Worming A Mandate?

Here's why pet worming is mandatory - be it a dog or cat. Worming dogs is essentially necessary to protect him against serious health issues. Puppies are usually born with intestinal parasite, hampering the overall growth process. Worming your dogs and puppies is strongly suggested in order to retain good health for your pet and other family members. By far roundworms, hookworms and tapeworms are the commonest intestinal worms found in puppies. Whipworms and coccidia are also found in dogs, if not too frequently!

The majority of serious parasitic infestations in puppies have been noticed to occur during the first 60 days of age, when they are feed on mother’s milk. In most cases the vets suspect infestation of worms if your dog or puppy is vomiting accompanied with one or more of other symptoms including cough, diarrhea, losing weight, scrawniness (thin), lack of appetite, dull coat, lack of energy, and sometimes even bloody stool. Some puppies grow bonny, but potbellied, accompanied with shortness of breath. Anemia is another most common consequence of sever infestation of worms. Alongside it poses serious zoonotic threat to you and your canine pack - herpesvirus is commonest of all!

Although some of the common canine intestinal parasites like roundworms and tapeworms do not do not usually injure the intestinal wall of your dog, and do not pose any fatal threat until the infestation is too heavy, but hookworms are very dangerous, as they erode the internal membrane of the dog's intestine.

Hence these parasites are a serious health problem for your dog or puppy as well as your other family members. Following a scientific hygiene precautions is hence necessary - especially when you have children.


How to de-worm a dog?
This is as simple as giving your dog preparations in liquid/suspension or tablets. There are different schools of thoughts regarding how to de-worm a dog. While some would suggest administering the wormer in empty stomach, most of the modern vets suggest administering the wormer medicine with or after meal.

Worming your puppy should be started at about three to four weeks of age. The subsequent shots are to be administered about every 2 weeks again at 4, 6, and 8 weeks of age. I have seen owners worming dogs once each month after reaching two months of age until at least 6 months of age. Good!! No one objects on that. But the frequency of worming dogs depends very much on the health of the puppy. Puppies with weak liver may be highly prone to develop severe hepatic malfunctioning. The history of worming of the newly acquired puppy should essentially be obtained in order to determine if there is a need for additional worming shot is actually required.

Worming history of newly acquired puppies should be obtained to determine whether additional worming is needed.

I usually go for fecal flotation exam to ensure the presence of parasite. Fecal flotation exam are done to detect the presence of roundworm, which are of two species -- Toxocara canis and Toxascaris leonina. Here's how dogs get infested with internal parasite. The best options to get rid of Toxocara canis and Toxascaris leonina are:

• Febantel (Eg. Drontal and Drontal plus)
• Fenbendazole (Eg. Panacur)
• Milbemycin Oxime (Eg. Interceptor and Sentinel)
• Pyrantel pamoate (Eg. Strongid, Nemex, Heartgard Plus and others)
• Moxidectin (Eg. AdvantageMulti)

However, the type of wormer and dose depends on many factors, including the age, and size of dogs. Also depending on the intensity of infestation your vet may suggest different types and dosage of de-wormers to different dogs/puppies.

I have include some of the scary stuff above so that you can understand what's wrong with your dog... Is it a parasite that is responsible for a health breakdown or is it something else. Overdosing your dog or puppy with dewormer may turn out to be fatal and your poor pooch may end up with serious side effects, including liver failure.


Canine wormers are available in various forms, like granules, tablets, pastes, syrups and even injections. Ask you vet before you buy any de-wormer for your dog or puppy.

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Why and When To Use Chiropractic Treatment for Dogs?

A canine Chiropractor follows holistic approach to treat conditions in dogs and usually avoids allopathic medicine that usually have mild to severe side effects. Conditions like aches, pains, disoriented gait, emotional or psychological stresses, muscles contraction, locking joints in dogs etc. can be treated quite effectively by holistic, chiropractic approaches. A dog chiropractor uses techniques to free the nerves and restores correct functioning of nervous system. However, it should be considered that chiropractic care for dogs is not a substitute or an alternative for traditional veterinary medical practices and surgeries. But this is a holistic treatment that involves osteopathy, massage therapy and physical therapy. The process includes diagnosis, treatment and prevention of mechanical malfunctioning of the musculoskeletal and nervous system - especially the spine.

  Chiropractic treatment for senior dogs
 
Chiropractic approaches work great for senior dogs. There can be different kinds of stress and varied traumatic situations that can badly affect an old dog causing the lack of smoothness in mobility and may also be responsible for spasms, pains and weaknesses. For senior dogs, chiropractic care can be really effective for pains in neck, back, muscles, joints and other neurologic disorders.


When should you consider calling a chiropractor for your dog?
 
All you need to do is to keep an eye on your dog's general behavior. If you are a good observer you can easily know whether you dog needs a chiropractic treatment or not. Any kind of musculoskeletal and spinal disorders usually show alterations in postures and gaits accompanied with certain symptoms of pain. Since you already know that your dog is suffering from pain, it is important to get a right kind of a collar and lead for him before you take him to a chiropractor. A chiropractic session may be time consuming and you are the best person who can encourage your dog to be disciplined and remain calm. 

The symptoms are as follows:

Showing disinclination to move
Abnormal posture
Problems in climbing stairs
Stiffness after sleep
Irregular and disoriented locomotion
Diminishing speed and shortened stride
Lower back pain, buttock pain, and numbness, pain or weakness in various parts of the leg and foot due to compressed sciatic nerves
Stiff gait
Muscle spasm
Problem sitting from standing
Problem standing from sitting

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Natural Dog Remedies - Chiropractic Therapy For Dogs

Re-establishing Nervous Stimulation and Functionality in Dogs Through Chiropractic Therapy

I have received a few mails of appreciation from some of my readers for the post Herbal Cure for Dogs that was published October 2013. This is an indication that dog lovers are looking for non-chemical, natural pet remedies. However, it is not always possible to treat diseases without chemical drugs, but there are certain conditions that can be treated non-chemically. Chiropractic treatment method is one of those few effective non-drug therapies (natural dog remedies) that works well for your dogs - especially for treating conditions like:

1. Bladder or bowel incontinence
2. Neck pain
3. Back pain
4. Dysplastic elbow, and hip
5. Arthritis
6. Chronic nerve problems resulting to tilted head and disorientation or balance problem
7. Wobbler's syndrome
8. Hind quarter weakness
9. Non-genetic roaching topline
10. Trouble during lying down and sitting from standing
11. Lameness accompanied by an inability to jump, climb stairs, run or even walk long


Other conditions like tremor during standing, diminishing performance of athletic dogs, digestive problems etc. also respond fairly well to consistent and continual chiropractic treatment in dogs, provided it is done by a real dog chiropractors with rich experience.

Not much talked about area, chiropractic for dogs - natural dog remedies, is a unique blend of science and art to use the dogs' internal recuperative powers to regain normal condition. An experienced dog chiropractor attempt to restore the functionality of the dog's nervous system and correct the misalignment in dog's internal system. This is done only after critically diagnosing the condition and observing the patient. A dog chiropractor will require to do all relevant veterinarians’ traditional examination in order to get the link between the findings from his diagnosis and observation and the veterinarians’ examination reports.

Who is a dog chiropractor?

A dog chiropractor is not just anyone who can perform good massage therapy and can provide temporary relief to your dog from pains. A dog chiropractor should be a certificate holder from a registered and recognized nation animal chiropractic commission. For instance in the USA Animal Chiropractic Certification Commission (ACCC) of the American Veterinary Chiropractic Association (AVCA), is the primary national credential for this field. Please not that ACCC/AVCA Certification is valid only for 3 years and all certificants have to renewing their certification every 3 years. On the other hand, the British Veterinary Chiropractic Association (BVCA) is a national non-profit organization in the UK that promotes excellence in the field of animal Chiropractic in the country. Canada too have their own animals chiropractic certification program. Canadian Animal Chiropractic Certification Program provides relevant training. However, while many countries have their own authority or board that provides training and certification for animal chiropractic, other unfortunately don't yet have that awareness.

Chiropractic adjustments for dogs (natural dog remedies) and in other pets like cats and horses involves adjustment through specific impulse directed at one or more joint points focused towards reducing problems and enhancing normal movement. Chiropractic impulse can also be directed to enhance nervous stimulation and blood circulation in dogs to re-establish normalcy.


Continue read our next post: Why and When To Use Chiropractic Treatment for Dogs?

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Herbal Cure For Dogs - Natural Pet Remedies

Incorporating herbal techniques into your pet care... natural pet remedies
 
Veterinary medicines mostly include chemical drugs that treat animals well, leaving a scope for side effects as well! Certain herbs, however, have proved to be really effective in treating certain on specific ailments in animals. Although some medicinal herbs and their parts have been found to work good for canine health problems, but it is more than important to consider several factors, for instance, intensity of the condition, root of specific problem, current status of health and medicines, age etc. before administering the herbs and/or their parts.


What is most important here to keep in mind is that most herbs are NOT to be used for consumption, unless otherwise specified. Hence home remedies for your dogs can have adverse effects if you don't have adequate knowledge. It is recommended consulting a registered veterinary and/or a herbal medicine practitioner before you administer herbs on your dogs. This post has been created in order to spread awareness for natural pet remedies - especially herbal cure for dogs.

Here are a few herbs and their parts that are both safe and beneficial for dog: 

Papaya leaf sap: Extract of fresh papaya leaves helps greatly in digestion. Although not much documents have been found regarding the effects of papaya leaves on dogs’ health, but researchers have found that papaya leaf tea acts as an anti cancer agent.

Starthorn tea: Tea of starthorn leaves is immensely beneficial for treating anemia in dogs. Starthorn leaf juice also helps treating urinary discharges, diarrhoea, constipation, dysentery, inflammations, joint pain, lumbago, anuria and cough in dogs. Dogs suffering from biliousness (excess secretion of bile) because of gastric distress can be effectively treated by mixing Starthorn tea in food.

Fennel Seeds Tea: Fennel tea helps in soothing digestive problems in dogs. Dogs suffering from gastric ailments, digestive tract irritation and flatulence can be treated by administering fennel seeds tea. Because of its mint like flavor, many dog likes fennel tea. In rare circumstances dogs may develop photosensitive dermatitis because of the volatile oils in fennel. Pregnant and lactating females should not be given fennel seeds or its tea.

Hawthorn: If your dog has been diagnosed with cardio-vascular problems, you can administer Hawthorn. Hawthorn strengthens cardiac muscles and acts as a good medication for dogs that already had congestive heart failure. Hawthorn effectively promotes healthy blood circulation system and controls BP. Researches have shown that Hawthorn is quite effective in lowering arrhythmia (irregular heart beats).

Parsley: Parsley reduces the chance of any kind of cancerous growth and promotes healthy functioning of all organs. Parsley helps in flushing off toxins from the body and hence acts as an effective blood purifier. If your dog has mouth odor, feed her parsley with meal.

Calendula: Herbalists have preferred Calendula for its property of healing wounds. Calendula is highly effective in restricting infection and for treating infected wounds. If your dog has minor to medium skin infection, lesions, cuts, insect stings and burn injuries, calendula can treat them effectively.

Aloe vera: Aloe Vera has anti-bacterial, anti-microbial, analgesic, and anti-inflammatory properties and is effective in soothing discomfort due to dermal inflammation. Aloe vera sooths minor burns, insect sting, skin lesions and infections. If your dog has cuts or surgeries, you can apply aloe vera gel.

Ginger: If you dog suffers from carsickness (motion sickness), you can administer him crushed/grated ginger half an hour before the journey. You can put the some crushed ginger in a capsule and then feed your dog. Small amount of ginger is effective particularly for treating vomiting due to indigestion, loss of appetite, colitis, bronchitis, and even arthritis. Dogs that are undergoing chemotherapy as cancer treatment can be given small amount of ginger in order to check vomiting.

Ginger should be given in small amount… large amount may lead to sever discomfort, heartburn, belching and even bloat.
 
Raspberry: Particularly recommended for pregnant females raspberry acts as an effective stimulant for promoting uterine health. Many vets recommend raspberry for its unique property of promoting faster milk production by mammary glands. Raspberry aids in calming uterine spasms in pregnant females.

There are over hundreds of herbs that have been admired by herbalists for treating specific health conditions in canines. These are, however just a few most important ones. Most home remedies for dogs - especially herbal treatments work very slow, and it is advised to be patient and consistent. It is highly recommended that you consult your vet before starting off with any herbal cure for your dog.

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Hyperglycemia (Diabetes Mellitus) - High Blood Sugar in Dogs

Hyperglycemia - commonly known as diabetes mellitus is a common hormonal disorder in canines and the condition often exhibits a wide range of symptoms. All you need to know is what to keep your eye on. Alike humans hyperglycemia in dogs are of two type - Type I (dependent on the level of insulin... occurs when the body becomes unabile to produce enough insulin or any insulin at all) and Type II (non-insulin dependent... occurs when the body fails to respond to insulin). However, canines mostly are diagnosed with diabetes mellitus Type I.

Healthy dogs normally have the blood glucose levels ranging between 75 to 120 mg per deciliter of blood. With 80 mg per deciliter or lower a dog is considered to have developed hypoglycemia and with the blood glucose level coming down to 60 mg per deciliter of blood the subject may go into coma or even death. 

Causes of Diabetes Mellitus in Dogs 

There are multiple causes for this. While in many dogs, DM may be acquired through genetic transmission of the condition there are other reasons too.

Pancreatic Problem
In most cases pancreatic diseases like Exocrine pancreatic insufficiency, pancreatitis etc. are the major cause developing blod sugar problem in dogs. This is because with any pancreatic disease the pancreas becomes inefficient of producing correct level of insulin. Deficiency of insulin in the dog's blood leads to rise in blood sugar level - Hyperglycemia.

Infection
Body infection - especially in teeth, Kidney or urinary tract in worst situation may also lead to rise in blood suggar level in blood.

Age
Old age is another reason a dog can develop hyperglycemia. 5 years to 7 years of age are crucial to keep an eye on your dog's blood glocose level.

Gender
Female dogs have been noticed to have developed diabetes mellitus more than males. High progesterone levels in female dogs enhances the risk of developing hyperglycemia.

Food
Giving nutritional supplements for growth that contains high glocose level may expose your dog to the risk of developing diabetes mellitus.

Physiological and other Conditions
Obese dogs are more prone to develop Hyperglycemia. Insifficient urination leads, high stress situations, over exertion, over excitement contribute immensely to the development of high blood sugar level in dogs.

Major Clinical Symptoms
Clinical symptoms actually depend largely on the severity of underlying condition in the dog. Not always that a dog may exhibit strong symptoms of hyperglycemia. However the most common and noticeable symptoms are:

Polydipsia - Increased thirst and water intake
Polyuria - Increased urination
Excessive hunger and over eating tendency
Obesity
Bloodshot eyes (caused by inflamed blood vessels)
Wounds won't heal fast
Frequent fungal and bacterial infections
Depression

Other symptoms that may be noticed in the long run are:

Gradual Weight loss
Cataract
Enlarged liver
Damage nerve in legs
Dehydration
Tissue damage in worst situations

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Urinary Incontinence in Dogs - Lack Of Bladder Control

This post is a part of canine health awareness program, hosted by dog training collar store. You can visit their official website - dog training collar store 

You are not alone, if you are an owner of a beautiful dog that is suffering from urinary incontinence, which means lack of ability to control bladder activity, leading to involuntary urination. Not very rare, this involuntary urination problem is seen in dogs since the birth. Some dog breeds have been studied to be more prone to urinary incontinence as a birth defect. Breeds that are exposed to this condition from the birth are Collie, Labrador, Miniature Poodle, Welsh Corgi, Wire-haired Fox Terrier, Cocker Spaniels, Springer Spaniels, West Highland White Terrier, Doberman Pinschers, Old English Sheepdogs. However, all other breeds may also be exposed to birth defect resulting to lack of bladder control.

Studies have shown that females (especially mid-aged to older females- spayed) have been noticed to be more prone to this condition than males, but that doesn't leave any scope to conclude that males will never have this problems. Dogs may develop urinary incontinence due to many reasons, including infection in bladder, infected urethra. Incontinence in urination process may be caused by malfunctioning of specific parts of the brain and/or spinal cord that are responsible for proper functioning of bladder. Sometimes obesity can also contribute to this problem in dogs. Neutering is yet another risk factor for lack of bladder control in dogs. Urinary incontinence in dogs due to neutering is a temporary condition and the problem usually get resolved automatically as the dog recovers. However, complications due to neutering are not very common. So, the common reasons for lack of bladder control in dogs can be enlisted as: 

• Malfunctioning of nerves around the bladder
• Damaged specific parts of the spinal cord, controlling the bladder function
• Damaged specific parts of the brain, controlling the bladder function
• Pressure on the bladder caused by mass - due to obesity
• Overactive bladder syndrome (also called 'irritable bladder' or 'detrusor instability')
• Urinary tract infections (UTI)
• Urinary stones
• Improper development of bladder - birth defects
• Old age is another big reason
• Protruding intervertebral disc
• Renal infection
• Prostate disorders
• Anatomic disorders
• Side effects of medications

Common symptoms
 
Involuntary urine leakage Urinary tract infections Inflammation of skin around the genitals
Don't confuse urinary incontinence with frequent urination. Frequent urination and urinary incontinence both may be caused by conditions like benign enlargement of prostate, neurogenic bladder, urethral stricture, yet they are different. Dogs with frequent urination problem do not suffer the lack bladder control, where as an incontinent dog looses the bladder control.

Diagnosis and Medication 

In many cases dogs with incontinence are treated by hormones or phenylpropanolamine (PPA). Hormones like estrogen or testosterone have proved to be quite effective in treating incontinence in canines. But these hormones leaves your dog exposed to the risk of developing genital cancers and bone marrow suppression as side effects. Hence it is always suggested to see a highly experienced vet before you end up with a wrong decision. A physical examination along with blood as well as urine tests are highly recommended in order to help your vet diagnose the problem correctly. Your vet is the right person to decide on the therapies for incontinence.

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Non-surgical Neutering Methods For Your Dogs

Neutering your dog provides some of the most significant health benefits for him. Prevention of undesirable litters is not the only reason behind neutering a male, but it is also a precautionary measure against testicular carcinoma. Desirable age for neutering a dog is six months. However, there are a series of risks involved in surgically neutering a male. The probable risks that a dog gets exposed to in case of surgery involved in the process are as follows:

• Internal infection around the incision 
• Recovery process is sometimes is too slow that leads to several problems 
• Complications at times (however in rare cases) get severe 
• Anesthesia to some dogs leads to serious problems 
• It is sometimes difficult to keep some dogs in total rest in the post-surgery phase
• Surgery is an expensive process 

There are very effective alternative to the surgical neutering methods that keeps your dog healthy and happy. Non-surgical methods of neutering a dog involve injection.

Injecting a solution of calcium chloride dihydrate into the testicles of a male dog will cause castration that involves no surgical activities. The chemical dosage is 20% by weight of CaCl2 dissolved in ethanol - 95% ABV. This injection eventually causes sterilization of the necrosis of the testicular tissue within approximately 40 days of the day of injection. On the date Sep 8, 2012 the first International Conference on Dog Population Management that was held in the UK concluded that calcium chloride could be used as an effective and risk-free chemosterilant (chemical compound for reproductive sterility) for dogs.

Neutersol is the brand name of zinc gluconate, neutralized by arginine, is a potent chemosterilant. On injecting this cytotoxic compound into the dogs’ testicles will cause permanent infertility due to cell damage caused by chemical imbalance in the testes.

No surgery, No risk, No Worries…

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Five Most Common Dog Skin Problems

As with human skin, it takes more than just pampering to keep your dog's skin healthy – to maintain a silky, shiny, beautiful dog skin and coat requires proper nutrition, plenty of exercise, regular brushing and shampooing, and careful and appropriate action when signs of a skin problem occur.
However, even if you follow the basics of proper dog skin care, your dog may still be susceptible to skin conditions from time to time. Here are the five most common dog skin problems and the best way to treat them.

Allergic Dermatitis
A dog can develop allergies from almost anything, including pollen, weeds, mold, dust, insect bites, food, and/or grooming products. Heredity is also a significant contributing factor. Skin allergies among dogs have become more prevalent in recent years, and consequently, have made regular visits to the veterinarian even more important. The principal symptoms of an allergy include intense itching, rashes, and/or skin inflammation, which often make the dog irritable and miserable. As with any health condition, prevention is always the best cure. Once the allergen has been identified, avoid exposing your dog to whatever is causing the allergy. Symptoms can usually be relieved with cortisone based medication.

Yeast Infection
The first sign that your dog has a yeast infection is when you notice your pet shaking or tilting their head, or rubbing their ear with their paws, against furniture, or on the floor. The overgrowth of yeast occurs on the outer ear, causing redness, swelling, scabbing, and a waxy residue around the ear opening. Other indications include unusual eye movements, and walking in circles. A yeast infection is normally caused by water or debris getting trapped in the dog's ear canal after swimming or being bathed. When left untreated, the infection can spread to the middle ear, and then the inner ear, which then affects the dog's equilibrium, and can also lead to deafness. For this reason, it is critical to catch and treat the outer ear infection as soon as possible. Once diagnosed, treatment is simple and effective, and generally involves the use of a topical cream; however, oral drugs and medicated baths may also be prescribed.

Seborrhea
If a rancid smell permeates the air every time your dog is nearby, this is a clear indication of oily seborrhea – a skin condition caused by overactive sebaceous glands that lead to the excessive production of sebum. The grease is accompanied by scales of dead skin that stick to the hair.
Seborrhea can also be dry, and cause shedding of dandruff-like flakes. Oily seborrhea can lead to hair follicles becoming plugged and infected, causing another skin condition called folliculitis.
Excessive oiliness often also causes ear wax to build up in the ear canals, resulting in ceruminous otitis. Seborrhea has no cure, but the symptoms can be treated using medicated shampoos. Your veterinarian can advise you on the best product to use, and how often you should treat the condition, depending on its severity. Oral corticosteroids may also be prescribed to treat severe itching.

Ringworm
Ringworm can be easily contracted through physical contact with soil, carpet, furniture, toys, brushes, and combs that are contaminated with the spores of the fungus. Consequently, it is a common skin condition among dogs. The infection affects the hair and hair follicles on the dog's face, ears, tail, and paws. As with a ringworm infection in humans, the condition is characterized by a circular pattern of hair loss that is scaly at the center and ringed with red outside. The fungal infection, in itself, is not itchy; the itchiness is caused by a secondary bacterial infection that also causes scabbing and crusting. Because ringworm can mimic other skin conditions, examination by a veterinarian is important to correctly diagnose the infection. Mild cases of ringworm usually go away on their own, but this generally takes between three and four months. Because the fungal infection is not just contagious to other dogs, and even cats, but also to humans, early diagnosis and treatment is very important. Topical anti-fungal creams or lotions, combined with anti-fungal shampoos, are used to treat the infection, with treatment typically lasting between four and six weeks.

Mange
Also called sarcoptic mange or canine scabies, the condition is caused by microscopic mites present on the dog's skin and in the hair follicles. Mites are the most common canine parasites. The skin condition is characterized by hair loss and bald patches that create a polka-dot appearance; scabs and sores also develop. If left untreated, secondary bacterial infections that cause itching and an unpleasant smell can occur. Effective treatment requires correct identification of the type of mites involved; a veterinarian will then prescribe the appropriate anti-parasitic, anti-pruritic, and anti-inflammatory topical, oral, or injected medication. A dog with mange should be isolated to prevent the condition from spreading to other animals and even humans.

Proper skin care is essential to prevent dog skin problems. This includes: using the right kind of soaps and shampoos; regular hair brushing; a healthy, balanced diet that includes supplements; regular flea treatment; completing the required vaccinations and getting other injections to reduce the risk for diseases; keeping the house clean; and regular visits to the vet.

Author: This information about dog skin problems was contributed by Kauffman's Animal Health, Inc. an international animal feed manufacturing company based in Lebanon, USA.

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What Are The Signs of a Healthy Dog?

Owners who truly love their dogs usually take all measures to make sure that their dogs are healthy, happy and active. The moment a pup is brought home, it becomes the owner's moral responsibility to take care of its well-being. Let us go throughout the signs which would testify your dog's health.

The sight of the healthy dog brimming with a happy face is all that a dog-loving owner wants to start his day with. Apart from a 'cold wet nose', your dog needs to show the signs of good health in various other ways to ensure his well-being. Hence, it is important to check out the indications that signify that your dog is growing healthily. 

A dog with a problem-free fur and skin, ears and nose, eyes, fitness-level, urine and feces and teeth is basically considered as having a good health. A dog coat tells a lot about his health. A shiny, bouncy, tick-free, soft-to-touch coat is the first sign of a healthy dog. The skin of a dog should also be a parameter to judge for any signs of bad-health, infection or lack of well-being in a dog.

Signs like a smooth and soft skin without sight of any open soar, infection, red-patches, allergies, scales and scab or abnormal growth are highly recommended for a healthy dog. Also, the owner should make sure that the dog's body should be free from all sorts of parasites, bugs, ticks, fleas etc which suck the nutrients from the dog's body and make the pet prone to infections and diseases. 

Clean and wax-free ears are anther attribute of a healthy dog. The owner should make sure that the dog's ears is free from any kind of bleeding, soar or redness, bad odor or swelling. 

A healthy dog reflects a set of white sparkling teeth and no loose gums and dark lining in the teeth, and this requires regular brushing and check-ups and proper dental-hygiene. 

The next thing that testifies your dog's well-being is his sparkling and moist eyes with a heart-melting twinkle in them. The area around the eyeball is supposed to have a pink border. Make sure that your dog's eyes are kept clean with no thick yellowish discharge from there. Eyes being one of the most important parts of its body reflect health and happiness of the dog's body and mind. 

Another sign of good health in a dog is the lack of any foul smell from its mouth. The gums of the dog should also be in good condition without any sort of infection and bleeding. Healthy gums appear pinkish or pink-tainted, whereas pale gums is a sign of anemia. Make sure that your dog's gums show no signs of periodontal disease like Gingivitis which include redness, soaring or inflated gums.

The nose of a healthy dog is always cold and wet to touch. However, make sure that your dog's nose is free from foul-smelling, thick or yellowish discharge, which in a young pup may mean some illness and physical ailments. 

The normal body temperature of a dog is 101 degree F. Anything less than 100 F and more than 103 F should be a matter of concern for the dog's owner as it is regarded unhealthy. 

Last but not the least; the healthy dog's urine is either white or yellow in color. Presence of blood or other harmful component can be detected from brownish or reddish colored urine. Likewise, the stool-color of a healthy dog is firm and brown without any tinge of red or black.

Still one more point...

A dog with any illness may exhibit unpredictable aggression to his pack members. His pack members includes any other pets in your house and you and you family. Any physical and psychological irritation will adversely influence the mental stability, which even holds good for you and me.   

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Developmental Growth Disorders in Puppies

It is more than important that you should kick start your dog's life with good nutrition, proper exercise and pure love. With these being introduced your dog's life during the early stage when he is a puppy you can rest assured that your puppy will grow up with minimum health issues - especially growth disorders. Growth disorders is not just a single diseases, but is referred to any kind of health problem that your puppy tend to show as he or she grows. Growth disorders in puppies commonly includes problems like bowed legs, obesity, joint pain, abnormal posture, muscle disorders, digestive ailments etc. Puppies (especially of large and giant breeds) with tendencies to grow faster may show some of the growth disorders like bowed legs, joint pain and abnormal posture and the condition may worsen if proper care is not administered at the right time.     

The best way to treat growth disorders in puppies is to prevent it at the first place! Make a routine for feeding. Food should be given at fixed interval. For a growing puppy it is suggested to feed him or her at a regular interval of 4 to 5 hours. A controlled and scientific intake of a properly balanced diet with required protein, vitamins and minerals is the key to the success story. Play time is essential for good digestive system. undisturbed sleep is again another most important nutrition for a growing puppy.

Puppies should be kept on a scientific growth formula. A growing puppy should not be fed to grow at an above-average rate. Heavy feeding and administering excess minerals may expose your puppy to the risk of developing anatomical deformities. Proteins, doubtlessly, are the “building blocks” of tissues, and hence it is of utmost importance, but over feeding of high protein diet can jeopardize your puppy's life. Meat has higher biological value than vegies. Meat is hence important, but vegetables are also important instead of over feeding of meat. calcium and phosphorus are both highly important for healthy growth and bone development. But over supplementation can cause irreparable damages.

Last but not the least, water has immense significance in preventing most of the growth disorders in puppies.

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Most Common Sign of Eye Problems in Your Dog

Eye problems are quite common in dogs - especially the puppies and aging dogs. Like us - humans, our canine citizens are also prone to eye problems. The flat headed breeds such as boxer, Pekingese, bulldog, pug, Shar Pei etc. that have protruding eyes, are more prone to eye discharge problem compared to the other breeds.The most common and preliminary symptoms of eye problems in dogs are as follows:

• Running eyes - excess tearing (Epiphora)
• Continuous Discharge from the eyes
• Dry eye - characterized by sticky, tenacious discharge
• Eyes turn cloudy
• Bulging eye(s)
• Redness
• Dog rubbing eyes with his foreleg
• Dog trying to rub his face on the hard surface like wall or ground
• Dog trying to avoid light

  
Prevention is the best cure I can suggest for any health issues in your dogs, including eye problems. The preventive measures for eye problems in dogs starts mainly with proper diet, apart from keeping him clean and not letting mingle with dogs with eye problems already. Some eye diseases in dogs, like human, are contagious. Experienced doggy people stress more on diet to keep their dogs healthy. I would suggest you considering adding certain components in your dog's meal in order to prevent eye problems.

Give him green! Remember, that your dog is not a carnivorous animal; rather he is omnivorous like you and me. It is not wise at all to keep him only on meat. Add green leafy vegies, cabbage leaves, parsley carrot, spinach, sesame seeds to his diet in adequate quantity. Sunflower seeds are also good for your dog's eye health. Eggs can be great addition to his diet. Two eggs in each meal to an adult large breed dog that has normal digestive system can make a very healthy diet for him. Eggs are very good source of eye nutrients such as vitamin A, Vitamin B12, vitamin D, cysteine, lecithin and zinc. Boiled green papayas are great addition to your dogs meal. Green and ripen papayas, and mangoes are rich in bioflavonoids which is another most important eye nutrition that must be given to your dogs.

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Canine Cognitive Dysfunction – CCD or Dementia in Dogs

This is information about canine health that should come to a genuine help to dog owners. Canine Cognitive Dysfunction – CCD or Dementia in dogs are not too frequently talked about, because in most cases the symptoms for this disorder are not correctly identified. So what is Canine? Cognitive Dysfunction – CCD or Dementia in Dogs, very much like Alzheimer's disease in human, is an age-related deterioration of dogs’ cognitive abilities. Associated with the older age, Canine Cognitive Dysfunction – CCD or Dementia in Dogs is characterized by noticeable changes in dogs’ behavior.

Researches have shown that “Amyloid” (a type of protein) gets deposited in the brain of older dogs, which adversely affects certain areas of cognition in the senior dogs – very much similar to humans. Although not all areas cognition and learning types get affected, but minimum effect in the dogs’ brain sometimes result in a lot of change in dogs’ behavior – especially disorientation in a wide range of circumstances.

Canine Cognitive Dysfunction – CCD are also sometimes called Cognitive Dysfunction Syndrome – CDS. A research at the University of California-Davis has established that around 62% of 11- to 16-year-old dogs exhibited symptoms in at least one category of Cognitive Dysfunction Syndrome – CDS.

Symptoms of Cognitive Dysfunction Syndrome – CDS in dogs

Although there are certain specific symptoms of this disorder in senior dogs, yet these symptoms can also be the consequence of certain medical conditions. It is hence important to identify whether this symptoms are genuinely due to CDS or any other medical conditions. An experienced vet is the best person to rule this out. The commonest symptoms of Cognitive Dysfunction Syndrome – CDS or Dementia in senior dogs are as follows:

• Disorientation and confusion
• Restless pacing and wandering around
• Heavy panting mostly during the night
• Sleepless night
• Staring off into space confusedly
• Acting "dazed"
• Getting "stuck" in the corners of enclosed spaces
• Getting lost in known places occasionally
• Going to the wrong side of known exists
• Being non-responsive to his own name
• Being non-responsive to familiar commands
• Acting withdrawn from situations he once used to love to be in.
• Decreased interaction pack members – his own families and other pets if any
• Not remembering house training
• Less or non-enthusiastic about plays that he used to enjoy once
• Usually become lethargic and weak, which results in excess sleep

As a consequence of these problems, the dog usually develops frantic behavioral problems – aggression. Aggression in such condition is due to the fact that he sometimes becomes confused and fails to understand his own ones.

Conventional Treatment of Canine Cognitive Dysfunction includes administering medicines, though not all medicines work well for CDS, but some really do. There are a few holistic treat as well. Up next, the natural treatments for Canine Cognitive Dysfunction. Stay tuned…

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Managing Obesity Problems in Dogs

Managing dog obesity is really a big deal. I personally consider dog obesity management as something that every dog owner should be concerned about, though it pretty tough for newbies. Reports have shown that an estimated volume of over 50% of dogs in the US, Canada and the UK and a few other parts of the globe are obese and meet premature death due to heart attacks and/or organ failure. Most obese dogs get exposed to the risk of metabolic disorders, joint ailments, decreased immunity and increased chances of cancer.


Here are just a main couple of reasons for obesity problems in dogs:

Overfeeding: Most dog owners - especially the new ones develop a wrong idea that good feeding = more feeding. Good feeding management primarily involves identifying the basic requirement for your dog's optimum growth, which is in no way related to overfeeding. It is essential to limit your dog's feedings to regular specific times everyday. It's important that you stress on maintaining your dog's healthy digestive system.

Scanty Exercise: Scanty exercise is again another major reason for the obesity problem in dogs. Adequate and correct volume of exercise is of utmost significance. We have moved away from using our dogs to work with us in fields. Our Shepherds, Retrievers, Dobbies, Roties, Danes etc. have found their space on our drawing room carpet. They get limited scope to work and do not burn calories to the desired extent. It is therefore more than just important to take them outdoor on a regular basis and make to run or walk long.

Managing the risk of dog obesity

Risk of obesity in dogs can easily be managed through exercising restraints in certain areas. One major mistake that I made in the past with my dogs was that I had unknowingly encouraged my dogs begging habit. I should have strongly exercise restraint in this area.

Limit treats! That's one of the formulas. Draw a strict schedule for feeding. Stop offering him table scraps from your plate. Feed him before your lunch and dinner and keep him away when its your turn.

Regular Exercise - I repeat! This is must and cannot be give an after-thought. While over exercising may turn out to be harmful for your dog, under exercising is equally dangerous. Swimming is a great option especially for large dogs. Long walk is another great exercise for dogs - irrespective of breed. All you need is to know much exercise is correct for your dog. Obviously and German Shepherd Dog or an English Mastiff should have a longer span of walk than a Chihuahua.

Correct nutritional support is the top priority! By this I mean Quality; NOT Quantity. To put it more specifically - I should say CORRECT Quality and Quantity both. Omega 3 fatty acids EPA and DHA produce a chemical called Eicosanoids in the dog's body that controls obesity. Deficiency in Omega-3 fatty acids - EPA and DHA is considered as another reason for dog obesity. Fish oil is the best source of these Omega-3 fatty acids.

Managing obesity in dogs also involves certain things more critical than these and cannot controlled at home. Certain medical conditions contribute highly to obesity in dogs. Some of these conditions includes but not restricted to Pituitary Disorders, Hypothyrodism, Cushings Disease,  Cancer in Pancreas etc. These health disorders cannot be established until your carry on medical tests according to the vets.

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